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1、屠宰廢水污染現狀

屠(tu)宰廢(fei)(fei)水(shui)(shui)主要來(lai)自畜(chu)牧、禽類、魚(yu)類等宰殺行(xing)業(ye)。隨著(zhu)近(jin)幾十年(nian)來(lai)人(ren)民生活水(shui)(shui)平(ping)的提高，屠(tu)宰行(xing)業(ye)達到了前所未有(you)的擴大與發展，廢(fei)(fei)水(shui)(shui)排(pai)放(fang)量也不斷加大。統計顯示，我國僅宰豬行(xing)業(ye)就(jiu)有(you)1000多家，年(nian)排(pai)放(fang)廢(fei)(fei)水(shui)(shui)總量達3億立方米左右(you)，約占全國工業(ye)廢(fei)(fei)水(shui)(shui)排(pai)放(fang)量的6%。

2、屠宰廢水特點

廢水特點如下：

廢(fei)水主要成分(fen)有動物血污(wu)、油(you)脂(zhi)、糞便、內臟殘屑和(he)無(wu)機鹽等。

（1）高COD,一般達到2000mg/L以上；

（2）高SS，主要含有(you)大量豬(zhu)鬃(zong)等懸浮物；

（3）高氨(an)氮(dan)，動物糞水、動物蛋(dan)白質含有大量氨(an)氮(dan)；

（4）高油(you)脂(zhi)，屠宰過程產生大量(liang)動(dong)物油(you)脂(zhi)。

3、屠宰廢水處理技術

在(zai)(zai)屠宰廢水(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)中，好氧(yang)處(chu)(chu)理(li)和厭氧(yang)處(chu)(chu)理(li)以(yi)及化(hua)(hua)學絮凝處(chu)(chu)理(li)各有其(qi)優缺(que)點，一般在(zai)(zai)處(chu)(chu)理(li)較低濃度(du)(CODcr≤1000mg/L)屠宰廢水(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)，可(ke)直(zhi)接(jie)采用(yong)(yong)生物(wu)(wu)處(chu)(chu)理(li)，這樣可(ke)在(zai)(zai)保證(zheng)處(chu)(chu)理(li)效(xiao)果的(de)條件下，縮短處(chu)(chu)理(li)流(liu)程，節省基(ji)建費用(yong)(yong);在(zai)(zai)處(chu)(chu)理(li)較高濃度(du)(CODcr>1000mg/L)的(de)屠宰廢水(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)，幾種(zhong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)的(de)組(zu)合使用(yong)(yong)可(ke)確保廢水(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理(li)達標。如水(shui)(shui)(shui)解好氧(yang)生物(wu)(wu)處(chu)(chu)理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程投資僅為同等(deng)規(gui)模活性(xing)污泥法的(de)70%，占地減少20%，處(chu)(chu)理(li)成本降(jiang)低42%。國內已(yi)使用(yong)(yong)的(de)組(zu)合工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)有:酸(suan)化(hua)(hua)-SBR工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)，酸(suan)化(hua)(hua)-AB法，酸(suan)化(hua)(hua)-生物(wu)(wu)接(jie)觸(chu)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)，UASB-AF工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)，厭氧(yang)-過(guo)濾工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)，射流(liu)曝(pu)氣(qi)-生物(wu)(wu)接(jie)觸(chu)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)，厭氧(yang)塘-兼氧(yang)塘-好氧(yang)塘工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)，兼氧(yang)-AB法，化(hua)(hua)學混凝-生物(wu)(wu)處(chu)(chu)理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)等(deng)。處(chu)(chu)理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)的(de)優化(hua)(hua)組(zu)合有利于各種(zhong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)揚(yang)長避短，保證(zheng)出水(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)質。